Evolution of the 3-Dimensional Video System for Facial Motion Analysis: Ten Years' Experiences and Recent Developments

Since the implementation of the computer-aided system for assessingfacial palsy in 1999 by Frey et al (Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;104:2032Y2039),no similar system that can make an objective, three-dimensional, quantitativeanalysis of facial movements has been marketed.This system has been in routine use since its launch, and it has provento be reliable, clinically applicable, and therapeutically accurate. With the cooperationof international partners, more than 200 patients were analyzed. Recentdevelopments in computer visionVmostly in the area of generative facemodels, applying active-appearance models (and extensions), optical flow,and video-trackingVhave been successfully incorporated to automate the prototypesystem.Further market-ready development and a business partner will be neededto enable the production of this system to enhance clinical methodology in diagnosticand prognostic accuracy as a personalized therapy concept, leading tobetter results and higher quality of life for patients with impaired facial function.